1 Samuel 13:22

Authorized King James Version

So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan: but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהָיָה֙
H1961
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
בְּי֣וֹם
H3117
So it came to pass in the day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#3
מִלְחֶ֔מֶת
H4421
of battle
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#4
וְלֹ֨א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#5
וַתִּמָּצֵ֣א
H4672
found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#6
חֶ֤רֶב
H2719
that there was neither sword
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
#7
וַֽחֲנִית֙
H2595
nor spear
a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent)
#8
בְּיַ֣ד
H3027
in the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#9
כָּל
H3605
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#10
הָעָ֔ם
H5971
of any of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#11
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
H834
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#12
אֶת
H854
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#13
לְשָׁא֔וּל
H7586
but with Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#14
וְאֶת
H853
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
וּלְיֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
H3129
and Jonathan
jonathan, the name of ten israelites
#16
וַתִּמָּצֵ֣א
H4672
found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#17
לְשָׁא֔וּל
H7586
but with Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#18
וּלְיֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
H3129
and Jonathan
jonathan, the name of ten israelites
#19
בְּנֽוֹ׃
H1121
his son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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